COVID-19 (Novel Coronavirus)

What is COVID-19?

On December 31, 2019, Chinese health authorities identified a new (or novel) coronavirus (referred to as COVID-19) through a series of reported cases of pneumonia in Wuhan, China.

Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that circulate both in humans and animals. Human coronaviruses are common and are typically associated with mild illness, similar to the “common cold” or more severe illnesses, such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS).

How does COVID-19 spread?

COVID-19 spreads through droplets or aerosols released when an infected person talks, coughs, sneezes, sings or shouts.  These infectious droplets or aerosols can easily spread to others when they are inhaled or reach the nose, mouth or eyes of people in poorly ventilated spaces or in close contact. The virus can also spread when a person touches another person (i.e. a handshake) or a surface or object that has the virus on it and then touches their mouth, nose or eyes with unwashed hands. The virus can be spread to others from someone who is infected but is not showing symptoms (either because they haven’t yet developed symptoms or are asymptomatic). 

What are the symptoms of COVID-19?

Symptoms of COVID-19, which is the disease caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus, range from mild — like the flu and other common respiratory infections — to severe.

Symptoms include:

• Fever (temperature of 37.8°C or greater)
• New or worsening cough
• Shortness of breath 
• Decrease or loss of smell or taste
• Two or more of:
  • Runny nose or nasal congestion
  • Headache
  • Extreme fatigue
  • Sore throat
  • Muscle aches or joint pain
  • Gastrointestinal symptoms (such as vomiting or diarrhea)

Please use the COVID-19 Self Assessment if you are experiencing the symptoms listed above. If you have symptoms, you and anyone you live with must isolate for five days. Learn more about what to do if you have symptoms of COVID-19 here.

Please see COVID-19 Reference Document for Symptoms for more information related to symptoms. 

How long can the virus survive on surfaces?

COVID-19 is spread mainly from person-to-person through close contact from respiratory droplets or aerosols of someone with COVID-19. The respiratory droplets or aerosols can travel up to two metres/six feet when we cough, sneeze or talk. Although unlikely, it appears possible to get the virus by touching a surface or object that has the virus on it and touching your mouth, nose or eyes immediately after without washing your hands.

The COVID-19 virus appears to survive on surfaces ranging from several hours to days, but the research continues to evolve. Frequently touched surfaces and surfaces in close proximity to individuals who are talking, singing, sneezing or coughing are more likely to become contaminated with the virus. This may include tables, phones, handrails, doorknobs, credit cards, countertops, light switches, faucet handles, steering wheels, cabinet handles, and elevator buttons. Other items that are less likely to cause transmission but can still become contaminated include books, paper, packages, fabric and clothing. The likelihood of transmission through contaminated surfaces may increase if there is a higher viral load on that surface. For example, surfaces in a space where an infected individual has been.

The best way to reduce the risk of COVID-19 exposure from contaminated goods is to practice good hand hygiene by washing your hands before and after touching shared objects.

Is there a treatment for COVID-19?

Most people with common human coronavirus illness will recover on their own.

You should manage symptoms by:

• drinking plenty of fluids
• getting rest and sleep as much as possible
• trying a humidifier or a hot shower to help with a sore throat or cough
• Acetaminophen for management of fever and muscle aches
• Over the counter medication for cough and sore throat

New treatments for COVID-19 are currently being developed and tested. 

Note: If your symptoms worsen or become unmanageable at home, seek medical attention.

What is the COVID Alert app?

The COVID Alert app is a Bluetooth-based app that will send you phone alerts if you have been exposed to COVID-19 and will inform other people who have the app if you test positive for COVID-19 - all without sharing any personal information. Learn more about the COVID Alert App.

Are antibiotics effective in preventing or treating COVID-19?

No. Antibiotics do not work against viruses, they only work on bacterial infections. COVID-19 is caused by a virus, so antibiotics do not work. Antibiotics should not be used as a means of prevention or treatment of COVID-19. They should only be used as directed by a physician to treat a bacterial infection.

Everyday preventive actions can help prevent the spread of COVID-19, including:

• Stay home when you are sick, even if you just have mild symptoms. Complete the Ontario Self-Assessment Tool to verify next steps if you have symptoms. Seek testing for COVID-19 if you are eligible.
• Limit gatherings with people outside your household. Currently, no more than 5 people are permitted to gather indoors, and outdoor gatherings are limited to 10 people.
• Physical distance should be maintained with people from outside of your household. A face covering should be worn if physical distancing cannot be maintained. 
• Get your COVID-19 vaccines (including a third "booster" dose). A third dose is particularly important in protecting against the Omicron variant. All individuals born in 2016 or earlier are eligible for vaccination. View our vaccine page for more information on booking an appointment or walk-in appointments at local clinics. 
• Avoid travel outside your region, province, or country except for essential reasons. If returning to Canada from abroad, you must self-isolate for 14 days whether you have symptoms or not (unless granted an exemption because you are fully vaccinated). See our “Travel During COVID-19” FAQ section for more information. 
• Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
• Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands.
• Avoid sharing personal items, such as utensils and water bottles.
• Cough or sneeze into your sleeve or cover your mouth and nose with a tissue and throw the tissue out immediately. Wash your hands afterward.
• Frequently clean and disinfect high-touch surfaces and shared items using regular household cleaners.

• Wear a face-covering or mask whenever physical distancing cannot be maintained and/or when wearing one is required (i.e. in a business).
  • A good mask should fit well and completely cover your nose, mouth and chin. It should fit snugly against the sides of your face with no gaps. Scarves, bandanas and neck gaiters are not recommended.
  • A well fitted medical mask or a respirator (N95, KN95) may provide better protection than cloth masks. Cloth masks should be made of 3 layers of fabric. 
  • Given the potential for aerosols to travel and linger in the air, it is recommended that you wear a face covering whenever indoors with people who live outside your household even when you can maintain 2 metre physical distance, particularly in poorly ventilated spaces.
  • It is also recommended that a face covering be worn outdoors whenever face-to-face with someone outside of your household, especially if you are not able to physically distance.
• Download the COVID Alert app.
• Work from home if possible.

What is Physical Distancing?

Physical (social) distancing is an important measure that each and everyone one of us can do now in order to slow the spread of COVID-19 in the community. The Public Health Agency of Canada is recommending that all residents of Canada practice physical distancing. Physical distancing means keeping a distance of 2 metres (6 feet) from others that are not part of your household at all times. 

View our infographic: What is physical distancing? 

Who is currently eligible for COVID-19 testing?

The Government of Ontario has released new criteria outlining who is eligible for publicly funded COVID-19 molecular testing (PCR or rapid molecular testing) to ensure it is available for those who are at increased risk of severe outcomes or those in highest risk settings. This includes symptomatic pregnant people, people who are homeless or underhoused, patient-facing healthcare workers and those working in highest-risk settings such as long term care homes (and their household members).  Individuals who are symptomatic must fall into one of the specific eligible groups (see page 3) to book a test. Individuals who are asymptomatic may be tested in certain high-risk populations and settings. As a result of these new changes, COVID-19 testing is no longer available for all individuals in the community with COVID-19 symptoms or with an exposure to a case of COVID-19. 

What are the different types of COVID-19 tests?

Molecular tests (including PCR tests and molecular point of care testing):

• Effective December 31, publicly funded PCR testing will only be available for high-risk individuals who are symptomatic and/or are at risk of severe illness from COVID-19.
• They are used to diagnose COVID-19 and work by detecting the virus’ genetic material.
• Tests are conducted by COVID-19 assessment centres or pharmacies
• Results from PCR tests are sent to the lab and typically take 24-48 hours, while molecular point of care testing (such as ID NOW^TM) can be analyzed on site using a special machine with results available in about 15 minutes. Molecular point of care testing is only available at select testing centres.
• New** PCR take home tests; new resource being offered through some schools where test is self- administered at home and dropped off to lab location for processing.

Rapid antigen tests:

• Rapid antigen tests work by detecting certain proteins in the virus.
• Rapid antigen testing may be used for routine, repeated screening of people with no symptoms to quickly identify and prevent cases of COVID-19 in settings such as hospitals, long-term care homes and workplaces. Rapid antigen testing may also be used to test people with symptoms to find out the likelihood that their symptoms are related to COVID-19.
• Free rapid test kits are available to workplaces who participate in the Provincial Antigen Screening Program and may be distributed through schools or at holiday testing locations.  Self test kits can also be purchased at most pharmacies for a cost of $40.
• A rapid antigen test can be performed anywhere (i.e. at a workplace, in the home) and results are available in 15-20 minutes.
• A positive RAT is highly indicative that the individual has COVID-19, and the individual is required to self-isolate. See our “Testing Positive for COVID-19” section below for more information.

Where can I get a Rapid Antigen Test?

Public health does NOT have rapid antigen tests for distribution.

Rapid antigen tests may be available through: 

1. Pop-Up Locations: Visit Ontario.ca/HolidayTesting for rapid antigen testing locations across Ontario. The list is updated often.
2. Pharmacies: Pharmacies may have rapid antigen testing kits or services available for purchase - contact a local pharmacy to inquire.
3. Workplaces: All businesses under 150 employees can access rapid antigen tests through participating Chambers of Commerce, free of charge. These kits are for screening employees on a regular basis, not to be held in storage.

• • Woodstock: https://woodstockchamber.ca/rapid-antigen-screening-kit/
  • St. Thomas & Area: www.StaySafeElgin.ca.
  • Ingersoll: https://ingersollchamber.com/rapid-antigen-screening-kit/
  • Tillsonburg: https://www.tillsonburgchamber.ca/rapid-antigen-screening-kit/

Where can I get a COVID-19 PCR test if I am eligible?

PCR testing for COVID-19 is available for eligible people at assessment centres and participating pharmacies. View the province’s listing of COVID-19 testing locations to find an assessment centre or pharmacy offering COVID-19 testing near you.  Appointments are required.

Should I complete a rapid antigen test before attending a social gathering or event?

Many people are looking for reassurance prior to attending a social event/gathering/visit and may choose to complete a rapid antigen test. If completing a rapid antigen test, you should complete it as close to the event as possible (e.g. on the same day, ideally within a few hours of the event). It is important to recognize the limitations of a negative result on a rapid antigen test including:

• They have low sensitivity for COVID-19 in people who are not symptomatic. This means they are not good at picking up low levels of the virus, even though you may already be infectious.
• People infected with COVID-19 may test negative on a rapid antigen test for several days before testing positive. Therefore, a negative rapid antigen test may represent a false negative and your infection status could change within hours of taking the test.
• Those with a negative one-off rapid antigen test should still follow existing public health measures including masking and limiting contacts.

I need a COVID-19 test before travelling. Where can I get this?

COVID-19 testing for travel purposes is done through private clinics. You can view a list of some clinics that offer international travel testing for a fee here. 

What do I do if I tested positive for COVID-19?

If you have tested positive for COVID-19 on a PCR or a Rapid Antigen Test, you are required to self-isolate. Positive results on a Rapid Antigen Test do not need to be confirmed with a PCR test. Unfortunately at this time, public health units are only following COVID-19 cases in highest-risk settings. Follow the self-isolation requirements which apply to you.

• If you are fully vaccinated or a child under the age of 12, self-isolate for 5 days after the date the test was taken or the date of symptom onset (whichever is earlier). If you are unvaccinated, partially vaccinated, or immunocompromised self-isolate for 10 days after the date the test was taken or the date of symptom onset (whichever is earlier).
• You can stop self-isolating after this time ONLY if you have no fever and your symptoms have been improving for at least 24 hours (48 hours for gastro-intestinal symptoms) and you follow all public health measures (e.g. masking, physical distancing).
• Everyone you live with must self-isolate at the same time as you, regardless of their vaccination status.
• You should isolate away from household members where possible to avoid ongoing exposure. 
• Inform your close contacts that they have been exposed to COVID-19 and should follow the requirements for close contacts (see the "What do I do if I am a close contact of someone with COVID-19" section below)
• If self-isolation is complete after 5 days, regardless of vaccination status or age, for a total of 10 days from symptom onset, individuals with COVID-19 symptoms must continue to wear a well-fitted mask in all public settings, not visit anyone who is immunocompromised or at higher risk of illness (i.e. seniors) and not visit any highest risk settings.

What if I tested positive and work in a highest-risk setting?

If you live or work in a highest-risk setting, and you either have symptoms of COVID-19 or have tested positive for COVID-19 on a PCR or Rapid Antigen Test, you must also:

• Notify your employer.
• Do not return to your highest-risk setting for 10 days after the date your symptoms started or the date of your positive test, whichever is earlier, regardless of your vaccination status.
• Based upon staffing requirements and in consultation with your employer, you may have the opportunity to return to work early on day 7 of your isolation if you obtain a negative PCR test or two negative Rapid Antigen Tests on day six and seven of your isolation.

Highest-risk settings include hospitals and health care settings, including complex continuing care facilities, acute care facilities and paramedic services; congregate living settings, such as long-term care and retirement homes, First Nation elder care lodges, group homes, shelters, hospices, temporary foreign worker settings, and correctional institutions.

What if someone else in my household develops symptoms?

If additional household members develop COVID-19 symptoms, they should follow isolation directions for symptomatic individuals (see above) and if eligible for testing, they should seek testing. Any other household members who are still well and have not developed COVID-19 symptoms should extend their self-isolation until the last symptomatic (or COVID-19 positive if applicable) person has finished their self isolation period. The initial household member(s) with symptoms of COVID-19 do not have to extend their self-isolation period based on other household members becoming ill.

For example:

• An individual develops symptoms on January 12^th. Everyone in their household must isolate until January 17^th (free to resume activities January 18^th).
• On January 14^th, another person in the household develops symptoms. Everyone in the household (except for the person who first had symptoms) must extend their self-isolation until January 19^th (free to resume activities January 20^th).

If you are feeling unwell, take the COVID-19 Self-Assessment to determine if you have symptoms of COVID-19 and need to self-isolate. If you have symptoms of COVID-19, assume that you are positive for COVID-19 and follow the self-isolation requirements below.

• If you are fully vaccinated or a child under the age of 12, self-isolate for 5 days after the start of your symptoms. If you are unvaccinated, partially vaccinated or immunocompromised self-isolate for 10 days after the start of your symptoms.
• You can stop self-isolating after this time ONLY if you have no fever and your symptoms have been improving for at least 24 hours (48 hours for gastro-intestinal symptoms) and you follow all public health measures (e.g. masking, physical distancing).
• Everyone you live with must self-isolate at the same time as you, regardless of their vaccination status.
• You should isolate away from household members where possible to avoid ongoing exposure.
• Inform your close contacts that they have been exposed to COVID-19 and should follow the requirements for close contacts. (see the "What do I do if I am a close contact of someone with COVID-19" section below)
• If self-isolation is complete after 5 days, regardless of vaccination status or age, for a total of 10 days from symptom onset, individuals with COVID-19 symptoms must continue to wear a well-fitted mask in all public settings, not visit anyone who is immunocompromised or at higher risk of illness (i.e. seniors) and not visit any highest risk settings.

Please review the Ontario flow chart or our “Do you have symptoms of COVID-19” resource for more guidance.

What if I have symptoms and work in a highest-risk setting?

If you live or work in a highest-risk setting, and you either have symptoms of COVID-19 or have tested positive for COVID-19 on a PCR or Rapid Antigen Test, you must also:

• Notify your employer.
• Do not return to your highest-risk setting for 10 days after the date your symptoms started or the date of your positive test, whichever is earlier, regardless of your vaccination status.
• Based upon staffing requirements and in consultation with your employer, you may have the opportunity to return to work early on day 7 of your isolation if you obtain a negative PCR test or two negative Rapid Antigen Tests on day six and seven of your isolation.

Highest-risk settings include hospitals and health care settings, including complex continuing care facilities, acute care facilities and paramedic services; congregate living settings, such as long-term care and retirement homes, First Nation elder care lodges, group homes, shelters, hospices, temporary foreign worker settings, and correctional institutions.

What if someone else in my household develops symptoms?

If additional household members develop COVID-19 symptoms, they should follow isolation directions for symptomatic individuals (see above) and if eligible for testing, they should seek testing. Any other household members who are still well and have not developed COVID-19 symptoms should extend their self-isolation until the last symptomatic (or COVID-19 positive if applicable) person has finished their self isolation period. The initial household member(s) with symptoms of COVID-19 do not have to extend their self-isolation period based on other household members becoming ill.

For example:

• An individual develops symptoms on January 12th. Everyone in their household must isolate until January 17th (free to resume activities January 18th).
• On January 14th, another person in the household develops symptoms. Everyone in the household (except for the person who first had symptoms) must extend their self-isolation until January 19th (free to resume activities January 20th).

What do I do if I have symptoms of COVID-19 but test negative on a Rapid Antigen Test?

A single rapid antigen test in an individual with COVID-19 symptoms does not mean that they do not have COVID-19 infection. People infected with COVID-19 may test negative for several days before testing positive on a Rapid Antigen Test. Therefore, a negative test may represent a false negative and the infection status of the individual may change within hours of taking the test.

If two consecutive rapid antigen tests, separated by 24-48 hours, are both negative, the symptomatic individual is less likely to have COVID-19 infection. However, the individual is still advised to self-isolate until symptoms are improving for at least 24 hours (48 hours for gastrointestinal symptoms). The household members of the symptomatic individual with two negative tests may also discontinue self-isolation.

If someone who does not live with you informs you that they have COVID-19 (either because they have symptoms or because they tested positive), and that you are a close contact, the following requirements apply to you.

• If you are fully vaccinated and are otherwise healthy:
  • Self-monitor for symptoms for 10 days since you last interacted with the positive case.
  • Maintain masking, physical distancing, and adherence to all other public health measures if leaving home.
  • Report your exposure to your employer and follow any work restrictions.
  • Do not visit any high-risk settings or individuals who may be at higher risk of illness (e.g., seniors, cancer patients, etc.) for 10 days from your last exposure. If you work, live, volunteer or have been admitted in a high-risk setting, notify them of the exposure.

  • If you develop symptoms, self-isolate immediately and see “What to do if I have symptoms of COVID-19” section above.

• If you are unvaccinated, partially vaccinated or immunocompromised:
  • Self-isolate for 10 days (or 5 days if you are under 12 years old) after your last exposure to the person who has COVID-19, regardless of whether you have symptoms.
  • Do not visit any high-risk settings or individuals who may be at higher risk of illness (e.g., seniors, cancer patients, etc.) for 10 days from your last exposure. If you work, live, volunteer or have been admitted in a high-risk setting, notify them of the exposure.
  • If you develop symptoms, see the “What to do if I have symptoms of COVID-19” section above.

Learn more at Ontario.ca/exposed and by reviewing this flow chart. 

If you’ve been exposed to someone who has tested positive for COVID-19 (on PCR or Rapid Antigen Test) and you work, volunteer or attend a highest risk setting you should not work in that setting for 10 days from last exposure (unless required for critical work shortages as per this guidance). Highest-risk settings include:

• Hospitals and health care settings, including complex continuing care facilities, acute care facilities and paramedic services.
• Congregate living settings, e.g., long-term care homes, retirements homes, First Nation elder care lodges, groups homes, shelters, hospices, temporary foreign worker settings, and correctional institutions.

Who is considered a close contact of COVID-19 exposure?

All people with test-confirmed or presumed COVID-19 (including those with symptoms of COVID-19 that do not have access to testing) should notify close contacts of their exposure.

Close contacts include anyone that was in close proximity (less than 2 metres) to the case (or presumed case) of COVID-19 for at least 15 minutes or for multiple short periods of time without masking or the use of personal protective equipment, within the 48 hours before their symptoms started or they had a positive test (whichever came first).

Feeling unwell? Assume it is COVID-19. Read: What to do if you've been exposed to COVID-19 (Ontario)

What is self-isolating?

Self-isolating means staying at home when you have a symptom of COVID-19 or if you have been exposed to the virus.  This prevents those who are sick or those who are at higher risk of getting sick from spreading illness to others in the community. Self-isolating means you cannot go to work, school or childcare. You should only leave your home to access emergency medical care or to seek COVID-19 testing (if eligible). If a person is self-isolating, they should:

• Have their own bedroom and bathroom wherever possible. Stay in this room as much as possible.
• Avoid common areas such as the kitchen and living room.
• Keep 2 metres away from others in the house and wear a mask if in the same room. Ensure good air flow by opening a window if possible when in shared spaces.

Learn more about self-isolating.

What is self-monitoring?

Self-monitoring means paying attention to your health every day and watching for symptoms of COVID-19 illness. 

While you are self-monitoring, you can leave home for essential purposes (following the current public health restrictions in place) and attend work, school or childcare. While everyone should monitor themselves daily for symptoms of COVID-19, self-monitoring may be recommended if you have had an exposure to a case of COVID-19. 

Learn more about self-monitoring.

What should you do while self-isolating?

While self-isolating, you should not leave home unless you are having a medical emergency or seeking time-sensitive health care services.

Self-isolating is difficult, but just know that individuals and businesses are rising to the occasion and there is help for you and your family. Here is a quick guide for helping you with the essentials:

How to Get Food:

• Reach out to friends, family and neighbours to pick up groceries that you need if possible
• For food banks, meal delivery programs like ‘Meals on Wheels’, and grocery stores that deliver food to people who are homebound, reach out to Ontario 211—Community and Social Services
• Please see the updated list of food access in Elgin, City of St. Thomas and Oxford
• Help Line:
  • Call 2-1-1* or toll-free: 1-877-330-3213 to talk to someone directly
  • Visit  www.211ontario.ca  to search topics, email* or live chat for help
  • *if your request is urgent, please dial 2-1-1 as email is not monitored 24/7
• There are many for profit services like ‘Skip the Dishes’ or ‘Good Food’ that may deliver to your area
  • Search for these services on-line or reach out to friends, family and neighbours for suggestions.
• To protect yourself and others during any food deliveries, refer to how to isolate at home when you have COVID-19

How to Get Medications:

• Many pharmacies will deliver right to your door.  Check with your pharmacy to see if this is a service that they offer
• If your pharmacy does not offer home delivery, reach out to friends, family and neighbours to pick up your medications and other pharmacy needs
• If you continue to have trouble accessing the medications that you need, reach out to Ontario 211—Community and Social Services Help Line for other possible delivery options.
• Visit  www.211ontario.ca  to search topics, email* or live chat for help
• Call 2-1-1* or toll-free: 1-877-330-3213 to talk to someone directly

*if your request is urgent, please dial 2-1-1 as email is not monitored 24/7

• To protect yourself and others during these deliveries, refer to how to isolate at home when you have COVID-19

How to Get Mental Health Services:

• If you require mental health and/or addictions support, please call REACH OUT at 519-433-2023/1-866-933-2023

Tele visits with Doctors:

• Tia Health – online appointments (can get prescriptions, advice, requisitions). Free in Ontario with a health card
• cover.health – virtual walk-in clinic, covered by OHIP
• Dial-a-Doc - OHIP Covered Phone Appointments Online with Ontario’s Doctors
• covid19checkup.ca – complete assessment and you may be asked to book a televisit with a physician
• Maple – online covid-19 screening to connect with a doctor. Available 7 days a week 8am – 8pm ET (should be covered by OHIP)
• Children’s Hospital Virtual Emergency Clinic 

Other

• If you have an urgent repair e.g., furnace not working or a plumbing leak, be up front when you call to get service so the worker can come prepared to protect yourself and your repair worker refer to how to isolate at home when you have COVID-19
• Guidance for How to Care for Pets and Other Animals (Public Health Ontario)

What is a variant of concern?

A variant is of concern when it affects:

• Disease spread
• Disease severity
• Tests used to detect the virus
• Vaccines and treatments

About COVID-19 variants:

All viruses, including the COVID-19 virus, change over time.  The Public Health Agency of Canada works with provinces, territories and other partners to watch for new COVID-19 virus variants to identify variants of concern (VOC) in Canada and internationally.  

The five variants of concern include:

• B.1.1.7 (Alpha)
• B.1.351 (Beta)
• P.1 (Gamma)
• B.1.617 (Delta)
• B.1.1.529 (Omicron)

Please note that to assist with public discussions of variants, the World Health Organization (WHO) introduced easy-to-pronounce and non-stigmatizing labels for variants of concern and variants of interest. At this time, WHO has recommended using letters of the Greek Alphabet as an easy and more practical way to refer to variants. This is how they will be referenced in the remainder of this page.

Do the new variants of concern affect disease spread?

All VOC seem to make the virus more infectious, allowing it to spread more easily and faster. The Omicron variant has been found to be more transmissible than the Delta variant; it is estimated that each Omicron case is infecting 4.5 times more individuals than Delta in Ontario. When greater transmission results in more people testing positive, then more hospitalizations, intensive care admissions and eventually deaths will follow.

We know that current public health measures and restrictions  and vaccines are effective at slowing the virus variants as well. While we continue to follow public health measures, it is particularly important for all eligible individuals to obtain their COVID-19 vaccines, including a third vaccine "booster" dose. A third vaccine dose has been found to increase short-term protection against symptomatic Omicron infection. 

We can also reduce the spread of the known virus variants by preventing them from entering Canada and from moving between provinces. To protect Canadians, travel restrictions by air and by land have been strengthened in response to the variants of concern. 

Do our current COVID-19 tests used to detect the virus work on the variants?

Yes, our current testing devices to diagnose COVID-19 still works to detect the new COVID-19 variants.

Will the new vaccines and COVID-19 treatments work on the variants?

The COVID-19 vaccines that are currently in development or have been approved are expected to provide at least some protection against new virus variants. This is because vaccines elicit a broad immune response involving a range of antibodies and cells. Therefore, changes or mutations in the virus should not make vaccines completely ineffective.

According to Public Health Ontario, two doses of COVID-19 vaccines are less effective at preventing Omicron breakthrough infections compared to protection against other variants. A third vaccine dose increases short-term protection against symptomatic Omicron infection. 

Fortunately, when it comes to vaccines, research teams can also pivot, redeveloping existing coronavirus vaccines to target any variants that may prove capable of evading the ones already rolling out globally.  The Governments of Ontario and Canada continue to monitor the situation.

Resources:

• COVID-19 B.1.1.529 Variant of Concern (Omicron): Risk Assessment (PHO)
• WHO – Tracking SARS-CoV-2 Variants
• WHO Science in 5 - Omicron Variant
• WHO Science in 5 - Delta Variant
• New COVID-19 Variants--CDC
• Public Health Ontario Variants of Concern

Please visit our face coverings web page for information, resources and requirements. 

For workplaces and businesses, please refer our Workplaces and Employers page.

On December 16, 2021, the Federal Government advised against all non-essential travel abroad for at least 4 weeks. Visit travel.gc.ca for details.

What are the rules when travelling outside of Canada?

For information on the latest requirements for travellers entering or returning to Canada, please visit the Government of Canada website. 

Starting October 30^th, 2021, travellers departing from Canadian airports or travelling on VIA Rail will need to be fully vaccinated. Learn more from the Government of Canada.  

What are the rules when travelling between Canada’s provinces and territories?

To check the restrictions and allowances for interprovincial travel within Canada, visit the provincial/territorial websites below: 

• British Columbia
• Alberta
• Saskatchewan
• Manitoba
• Ontario
• Quebec
• New Brunswick
• Nova Scotia
• Prince Edward Island
• Newfoundland and Labrador
• Yukon
• Northwest Territories
• Nunavut 

The Government of Canada also has requirements for travellers within Canada so be sure to read up on what is expected if you plan to fly or travel within the country. Starting October 30^th, 2021, travellers departing from Canadian airports or travelling on VIA Rail will need to be fully vaccinated. Learn more from the Government of Canada. All air travellers, with some exceptions, are required to wear a non-medical mask or face covering while travelling. Via Rail Canada has also issued a mandatory face mask policy for all passengers.

It is still suggested to avoid ALL non-essential travel – stay home as much as you can and practice physical distancing. 

I need a COVID-19 test before travelling. Where can I get this?

COVID-19 testing for travel is done through private clinics. You can view a list of some clinics that offer international travel testing for a fee here. Additionally, select pharmacies are offering travel swabs. Please contact your local pharmacy to inquire.

It is important to regularly clean and disinfect surfaces that are frequently touched such as door handles, facets, tables, doorknobs, light switches, countertops, handles, desks, phones, keyboards, toilets, faucets, and sinks.  Cleaning them with detergent or soap and water removes dirt and some germs.  After cleaning, you can disinfect them to kill/remove germs.

Household bleach (5.25% sodium hypochlorite) mixed with water, is an inexpensive and effective disinfectant that can be prepared at home.

Please see Cleaning and Disinfecting in Public Settings for more information.

To clean areas such as washrooms, or during outbreaks of respiratory disease or vomiting and diarrhea:

• Prepare a 1: 50 Household Bleach Solution:
  • 20 ml (4 teaspoons) household bleach + 1000 ml (4 cups) water
  • 100ml (7 tablespoons) household bleach + 5000 ml (20 cups) water

To clean toys, dishes, utensils and food contact surfaces:

Prepare a 1: 500 Household Bleach Solution:

• 1ml ( ¼ teaspoons) household bleach to 500ml (2 cups) water
• 20 ml (4 teaspoons) household bleach to 10 L (40 cups or approx. 2 gallons)

Health Canada has created a list of hard surface disinfectants that are likely to be effective against the coronavirus). Check the label of disinfectants to make sure you are following any safety guidelines.

How do I make sure my child’s toys are clean?

• Don’t share toys beyond your household
• Clean and disinfect hard surface toys using a mild bleach solution (see above for guidance)
• Stuffed animals, fuzzies or soft surface toys made of fabrics are difficult to clean and disinfect. Wash them frequently using soap (or detergent) and water to remove some germs and dirt from soft surfaces.

Using shared laundry facilities during a pandemic:

Learn about safely using shared laundry facilities during a pandemic.

How do I clean my face covering/non-medical mask?

Learn how to clean and safely wear a face covering.

I’m recovering from COVID-19.  What might I expect?

If you are recovering from mild to moderate COVID-19, you may be back to normal quickly. If your symptoms were more severe, recovery may take longer. The time it takes to recover from COVID-19 is different for everyone. The time it takes to get better depends on many factors (i.e. your age, other health conditions you may have, and how sick you were when you had COVID-19, etc.).  You may experience some lingering changes to your body and mind.  These changes can be normal and should continue to improve over time.  Below are some of the longer lasting symptoms that you may experience with ideas to manage them:

Low energy:

• It is normal to feel tired and weak after being ill with a virus.  Try to set priorities and plan to do important or difficult activities at times you have the most energy. Pace yourself by breaking down tasks into smaller steps and taking breaks. Try to do activities in less tiring positions, such as sitting down to do a task. Take naps during the day as needed and keep a good bedtime routine to help you sleep well. It is important to get plenty of sleep and rest.
• Returning to your daily activities slowly and gradually will reduce your fatigue and build up your energy. Start with basic self-care activities such as brushing your teeth, washing your face, having a bath or shower, and getting dressed.

Confusion/Memory Changes:

• You may experience some changes to your thinking and concentration after being ill with COVID-19. It is normal to not be able to remember everything that happened while you were unwell.
• Keep your mind active by doing activities that use your thinking and memory skills (reading, word puzzles, looking at photo albums, etc.).  Stay organized and use a calendar to keep track of the date as days go by.
• The following are some additional ways that you can practice your thinking skills:
  • Keep track of important information using an agenda, notepad, or electronic device (cellphone or tablet).
  • Think about tasks you did before you were sick. For example, you may think about work that you did around the house or managing your finances.
  • Try to avoid making large or important decisions at this time since things may be ‘foggy’ or it may be difficult to focus.
  • Try putting ideas into words. For example, read an article and then summarize it for a friend or family member.

Feeling Sad, Lonely or Anxious

• It’s okay to not feel okay, even after your recovery from COVID-19. Being seriously ill with a life-threatening illness can leave you feeling sad, lonely or anxious.
• If you are feeling this way, please reach out for help and support. The information at the following link will get you started.
• Give yourself the chance to connect to what gives you joy. Connect with family and friends using the phone or computer, take deep breaths, do something that makes you laugh, open some windows, and don’t be afraid to ask for help from your family or healthcare providers. A good daily routine can help maintain positive habits.

Decreased Appetite and Loss of Smell

• Having a decreased appetite after you’ve been ill is very common. 
• Eat healthy meals while sitting up at a table if you can. If you have a poor appetite, try eating smaller meals more often. Choose foods that are high in protein and calories, or try supplements like Ensure or BOOST.

Decreased Physical Strength

• It’s normal to feel weaker after a serious illness.
• Keep your body active by returning to your normal daily activities as much as possible.  If you are able, stay active throughout the day by taking short walks and gradually build up how much physical activity that you do.
• Be kind to yourself.  Getting your energy back may take time.
• Remember to save your energy for the activities that are most important to you.

Please refer to Pregnancy and Breastfeeding during COVID-19.

• Having a Baby During COVID-19 – Labour Support
• Having a Baby During COVID-19 – Planning for Birth
• Having a Baby During COVID-19 – Infant Feeding
• Having a Baby During COVID-19 – Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
• Women with COVID-19 can breastfeed if they wish to do so (WHO)
• Vaccination in Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Patient Decision Making Tool (Ontario)

• Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Statement on COVID-19 Vaccination in Pregnancy

Do not go shopping if you have symptoms of COVID-19.

What steps can you take to minimize risk at the grocery store?

• Visit the grocery store when it might be less busy (i.e. later in the evening or early in the morning, weekdays).
• Wear a three layer face covering, medical mask or respirator (N95, KN95).
• Maintain physical distancing as much as possible while shopping and give others at least 2 m or 6 feet of space. 
• Make a list ahead of time so you know what you are looking for. This may help to reduce the time you spend in the grocery store.
• If you can, use hand sanitizer when entering stores and wash hands/use sanitizer after leaving.
• If you have them, use disinfecting wipes and use on cart and basket handles.
• Touch only what you plan to buy.
• Use self-scanning technologies at check outs.
• Avoid touching surfaces or items unnecessarily (e.g., use tap to pay for your groceries, touch and pick-up only what you intend to buy) and avoid touching your mouth, nose or face at all times.  
• If you use reusable bags, wash them in hot water after each and every use.
• Follow the rules set out by the grocery store you’re visiting (i.e. following directional arrows).

Is delivery a safer choice than going to the store?

Pre-ordering and having groceries delivered to your home is a great choice.  If fewer people are in the store physical distancing is easier. Many stores are now offering curb side pick up which may also be a good alternative option for those not wishing to enter the store.

Ordering from home and having it delivered is the best choice for vulnerable people like seniors or people with chronic disease.

How should I handle groceries when I get them home? Can I take them inside the house right away?

• According to the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), “there is currently no evidence that food is a likely source or route of transmission of COVID-19.”
• Usual food safety tips should be followed, including storing your food correctly as soon as you get home. Do not store groceries outside of the home, in cars or garages.
• When using any cleaning product on food surfaces, ensure the cleaner is intended for use directly on food and follow label directions to avoid intoxication as a result of chemical contamination. The use of soap on food is not recommended as ingestion of soap can result in intoxication and gastrointestinal symptoms.
• It is okay to wipe down non-porous cans and boxes with soap and water or disinfectant wipe as an extra precaution. Handling of food packaging should be followed with handwashing. 
• There is no need to wash your coat, change your clothing or disinfect your footwear after grocery shopping.  Proper hand washing and avoiding touching your face is important to prevent the spread of COVID 19.

How should I handle groceries for someone who is in the vulnerable population?

• If shopping for someone else, best practice is to drop off groceries while practicing physical distancing (e.g., drop off the groceries at the door, ring the bell, and step away).
• If entering the home to help with the unpacking, wash hands immediately upon arrival and after putting the groceries away. Wear a cloth mask as physical distancing may be difficult.

Should produce be washed before eating?  Should soap or a disinfectant be used?

Health Canada’s regulations for washing produce and other foods have so far remained the same. Health Canada recommends giving fruits and vegetables a good rub under running water—cool or lukewarm is preferred. It is not recommended to wash produce with dish soap or any detergent. It is not recommended to treat produce with chemical disinfectants at home. It isn’t necessary to use solutions specifically designed for cleaning fruits and vegetables, known as produce cleaners.

Should I only buy food that can be heated?

• No. Handle and prepare all food safely, just as you always have. For example, when you wash produce properly (see above), its perfectly okay to consume it without heating it. For more food safety reminders, go to Food Safety and You.

Are you unable to work due to COVID-19? You may be eligible for one for the following :

• Canada Recovery Caregiving Benefit (CRCB)
• Canada Recovery Sickness Benefit (CRSB)
• Canada Worker Lockdown Benefit (CWLB)
• Employment Insurance
• Ontario’s COVID-19 Worker Income Protection Benefit

Are you a business in need of support?

• Learn about support available on the Government of Ontario’s Business: Get Help with COVID-19 Costs page.
• Learn about federal supports available including the Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy and Canada Emergency Rent Subsidy.
  

For more information, please see the following resources:

• Find Financial Help During COVID-19 (Government of Canada)
• COVID-19: Support for people (Government of Ontario)
• Financial Relief Navigator

Return to school

• For information on school screening and details on how we manage cases and contacts in schools, please visit our COVID-19 Resources for Schools and Child Care Centres web page

Youth vaccination

All children and adults born in 2016 or earlier are eligible for the COVID-19 vaccine. Learn more about COVID-19 vaccines for children and youth. 

General information

• What to do if you suspect you have COVID-19 (SWPH)

• COVID-19 and Children (SWPH)

• Practicing physical distancing infographic (SWPH)

• COVID-19 Resources for Parents and Children (includes colouring sheets, activites, etc)

• Caregiver Support During the COVID-19 Pandemic

• Home Alone and Child Minding Resource for Parents/Guardians

• How to Care for a Child with COVID-19 at Home: Advice for Caregivers

Mental Health and Wellbeing

• Coping with Stress
• Supporting the young people in your life during COVID-19

• “My name is Coronavirus”  a book to support and reassure children
• Talking to Children About the Pandemic
• The Hub for Parents and Caregivers (virtual space offered the first and third Tuesday of each month promoting wellness for parents and caregivers in Oxford and Elgin counties).

Childcare

• Ontario - Find Child Care

What restrictions are currently in place in our region for businesses and workplaces?

In response to recent trends that show a rapid increase in COVID-19 hospitalizations, Ontario is temporarily moving into Step Two of the Roadmap to Reopen (with some modifications), effective January 5, 2022 at 12:01am. The public health measures in Step Two will remain in place for at least 21 days (until January 27) subject to trends in public health and our health system. 

A summary of restrictions in place can be found here. Please refer to O. Reg. 263/20 Rules for Areas in Step 2 for the complete list of measures and conditions that apply to certain businesses, organizations, places and individuals.

For questions about what businesses can open, call the Stop the Spread Business Information Line at 1-888-444-3659.

For more information on opening your workplace during COVID-19, please visit our Workplaces and Employers page.

What businesses will I be required to show proof of vaccination to enter?

Proof of vaccination is now required to enter certain higher-risk indoor settings like restaurants, meeting and event spaces and gyms. You can learn more about proof of vaccination requirements from the Proof of Vaccination website.

On October 6, 2021, Dr. Joyce Lock, Medical Officer of Health issued a letter of instruction to owners/operators of facilities used for organized sport to required proof of vaccination for ages 12 and older. Learn more: Letter of Instruction Proof of Vaccination - Updated October 6, 2021

Additionally, specific settings may also choose to require proof of vaccination to allow capacity limits and physical distancing requirements to be lifted. This includes personal care services, indoor areas of museums, landmarks, and fairs, as well as locations where a wedding, funeral or religious service, rite or ceremony takes place. Please note: If the facility is located in a municipality impacted by our Letter of Instruction (dated November 29, 2021), capacity must be limited to 50% even if proof of vaccination is required. 

Can I visit someone at a long-term care or retirement home?

For information on visiting long-term care homes, please Ontario’s COVID-19: visiting long-term care homes webpage. 

For information on visiting retirement homes, please see the visiting policy for retirement homes.

What is the guidance regarding weddings, funerals, and religious services?

Ceremony:

Indoor weddings, funerals or religious services, rites or ceremonies are limited to 50% capacity of the room. Outdoor services are limited to the number of people who can maintain two metres physical distance. Those attending must follow proper health and safety advice, including practicing physical distancing from people who are not from the same household and following face covering requirements. 

Please see Staying Safe at Funerals for additional guidance.

Receptions/Gatherings:

Social gatherings associated with weddings, funerals, or religious services, rites and ceremonies must adhere to the social gathering limits. Currently, no more than 5 people are permitted for indoor social gatherings, and no more than 10 people are permitted for outdoor social gatherings. 

Where can I learn more about COVID-19 workplace safety measures?

For more information on workplaces, visit our Workplace and Employers page.

A public health emergency, like COVID-19, can be stressful and cause increased anxiety and fear.  It is normal to feel some stress and anxiety in times like these. During a crisis, it is also common for people to show great resiliency.  It is important to stay connected to friends and family and reach out if you need support. Below is a list of resources available to you.

See this Ministry of Health COVID-19 fact sheet for Ontarians experiencing mental health and addictions issues during the pandemic.

At Ontario.ca/coronavirus, people can find information about the different virtual mental health and wellness options that meet their unique needs, including online therapy.
 

Mental Health services:

• For Caregiver and Youth resources visit Ontario Association of Children’s Aid Societies or Caregiver Support During the COVID-19 Pandemic
• List of local mental health services
• Government of Ontario: Find mental help and addictions support in your community

Help for Substance Use:

• Addiction Services of Thames Valley
• Government of Canada: Get help with substance use
• Alcohol
• Illegal drugs
• Harm reduction
• Tobacco and vaping

Domestic Violence

• Avoiding public spaces and working remotely can help reduce the spread of COVID-19, however for people who experience violence in the home, being home may not be the safest option.

• Other factors such as stress and financial burden can impact families, creating situations that may compromise safety while at home.

• If you are concerned for your safety, there are supports in the community that can help.

Get help:

Emergency Services

In an emergency call 911

Police Services

Aylmer Police: 519-773-3144

OPP: 1-888-310-1122

St. Thomas Police: 519-631-1224

Woodstock Police: 519-537-2323

Domestic Abuse Services Oxford

Phone: 519-539-7488

Text:519-788-9993 

Violence Against Women Elgin County

Phone: 519-633-0155

Victim Services Elgin County

Phone: 519-631-3182

Victim Assistance Services Oxford County

Contact local police who will contact victim assistance services for client.

211 Ontario

Dial 2-1-1

Reach Out

Phone: 519-433-2023

myPlan Canada App

Free app to help you with developing a personalized safety plan.

To our partners and residents in Oxford County, Elgin County and the City of St. Thomas: One of the most important steps we can all take to slow the spread of the novel coronavirus is to put distance between ourselves and others.

With that in mind, we’re doing our part by closing most of our clinics and classes. Until further notice, we will not hold prenatal, breastfeeding, food handling or dental services and TB testing. Sexual Health Clinics will continue with very careful safety measures in place, with the exception of our Tillsonburg clinic which will be canceled until further notice. Our Needle Exchange Program will also remain in service with additional infection control measures in place. If your doctor has asked you to obtain a TB test, please call your doctor’s office and advise them that this service is not available currently from public health.

Our staff are on site and our phone lines are open. If you have a general question about a program or service you use, please call us. If your questions are specific to COVID-19, call us at 1-800-922-0096 #9,

Thank you for your cooperation and support as we slow the spread of COVID-19 and keep our community as healthy as possible.

How can communities help?

Physical (social) distancing is the most important thing you can do to slow the spread of COVID-19.  Isolating at home can leave us feeling helpless, making us feel disconnected from our communities when we need each other the most.  There are ways we can still work together as a community while practicing physical (social) distancing though. 

Here are a few ideas on how help your community:

1. Stay up to date with credible information. Spreading myths and false information can make things worse.  Be kind to your community by sharing information from credible sources.  Let’s bust the myths out there.
2. Think of your community while shopping for necessities. If you can, go to stores when they are less busy. Practice keeping 2m/6.5 feet (about the width of a car) away from others at all times, and only shop for what your family needs. Taking more than what you need means it’s not there for your friends and neighbours. Our supply chain is strong.
3. Make donations where they’re needed.  Contact your local services and agencies to see where you might donate money or supplies, they need most. The Red Cross is also urging blood donors to donate now since the need for blood never goes away. Check out this resource:
   • Making safe food donations
   • Tips on giving and receiving donations during COVID-19
   • Donating Healthy and Safe Food
4. Be a good neighbour. Reach out to friends, family and neighbours, mostly those who do not have access to internet, transportation, language barriers, seniors living alone, and those who are at higher health risk from existing conditions. Make sure they have the supplies they need to get through, share Public Health advice and news (i.e.; what to look for re: symptoms and what to do), help them come up with a plan to have care in case of illness.  Something as small as picking up some milk for a neighbour in need could make all the difference.  Leave that milk on the doorstep and call your neighbour to let them know it’s ready to pick-up. Ensure to always practice physical (social) distancing.
5. Think of ways to support small local businesses.  Buy from local small businesses that are still offering services as much as you can (e.g., small restaurants that are offering take-out or delivery).

Looking for Support?

Are you feeling overwhelmed, lonely or anxious about COVID-19? Are you experiencing financial pressure because of self-isolation measures? Do you have questions about applying for Employment Insurance? Do you need help getting groceries or running errands while you are at home sick or self-isolating? You are not alone. 211 Ontario is ready and waiting to connect you to services that can help.  Reach out in whatever way you feel comfortable:

Call 24 hours a day, 7 days a week in 150 languages for help. Just dial 2-1-1.

Live Chat, Monday to Friday from 7am to 9pm. Get started.

Try the Search Help Tool at 211ontario.ca.

Holiday & Winter Safety Campaign Materials

• Healthy for the Holidays
• Feeling Wonderful in the Winter
• Show Local Business Love
• Travel without Transmission
• Socializing Safely